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Transnational Corporations from Developing Countries and their Integration into the Globalization Process
Hinková, Lenka ; Novotný, Josef (advisor) ; Ženka, Jan (referee)
The main theme of this master's thesis is an effort to explain the integration of transnational corporations from developing countries into the economic globalization. Firstly, we define the main concepts, such as process of globalization and competition. Then, we specify the most important characteristics of transnational corporations from developing countries, we identify major incentives and strategies of their integration into the global competition, we also devote our attention to measurement of degree of their integration into the global economy and evaluate their main competitive advantages and disadvantages. In the analytical part of the work we use quantitative analysis in order to find the differences between transnational corporations from developing countries and their counterparts from developed countries in the transnationality index, diversification of industry and industrial sector in which these companies operate. The last part is focused on a case study of an Indian transnational conglomerate Tata Group. On this example we show the practical aspects of integration of transnational corporations from developing countries into the global economy.
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Global production networks of transnational apparel corporations
Vyšatová, Martina ; Brabcová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Hána, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with multinationals corporations in the clothing industry with branch offices in the Czechia, in the context of the theory of global production network. It is a relatively new theory, which deals with geographically dispersed but functionally integrated unit of production network. NNS production network has expanded in many countries of the world and their networks differ in the number of supplier countries and the geographical distribution of production. The main objective is to highlight the connection between parent companies and their countries and supply countries as well as to the context of the price and composition of clothing. Production NNS is largely oriented to countries with cheap labour and it corresponds with the main supplying countries, namely China and Bangladesh. Composition and price of clothing are often very different, and rather than a direct connection there were only partial relations. Key words: global production networks, apparel industry, transnational corporations, Czechia
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Labour market changes in the era of globalization
Stočková, Eva ; Kopecký, Martin (advisor) ; Šerák, Michal (referee)
This thesis introduces issues of globalization in the context of work (not only employment) and education. Further, it follows up the impacts of globalization processes on forms of work and on (working) individuals. The topic of globalization is examined in more detail in the first part of the thesis with emphasis on different concepts and approaches to globalization. At the same time this part defines the contemporary globalization. Work as such is introduced by historical excursion and by a list of changes of work in modern society. There are also presented some of the experts' solutions or recommendations for the labour markets including solutions through long-life education and learning. In most cases the "pros and cons" of changes of work and the submitted solutions are confronted. Main findings of this study are: globalization brings contradictory conclusions which provide advantages and disadvantages to various people and groups; there is a link between globalized economy and working individuals; and at the same time that the link between globalization processes and education is in such a sense that changes in education are often derived from the ideas of economics.
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Responsibility of Transnational Corporations for Human Rights Violations under International Law
Švandová, Helena ; Balaš, Vladimír (advisor) ; Šturma, Pavel (referee)
in English The need for an effective regulation of transnational corporations and its responsibility for human rights abuses has been a topic resonating strongly in the international debate for the past three decades. The suggested solutions to the lack of accountability of transnational business, however, still vary. Among them are suggestions that obligations of states under existing international human rights law could be extended to corporations, a new binding international treaty on business and human rights could be adopted, or that transnational corporations should be held to account under national law. This paper was initially inspired by this debate and seeks to identify the gaps and loopholes in legal regulation to provide better understanding of which ways forward are feasible and under what circumstances. Given these specific objectives, this paper firstly identifies the obstacles to holding transnational corporations responsible for human rights abuses under public international law. It focuses on a conceptual analysis of legal personality in public international law and the limits to legal personality of non-state actors, specifically corporations in international human rights law. This paper then turns to international criminal law and examines whether international criminal law is...
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Global value chains after the Great Recession: main challenges for advanced and developing countries
Tsyrulnik, Alexandr ; Bolotov, Ilya (advisor) ; Černá, Iveta (referee)
The industrial revolution made great industrial powers out of North America and Western Europe. Hundred years after, ICT revolution and offshoring of production processes paved the way for intense economic growth of the developing countries. Following breakdown of the Soviet Bloc, market oriented reforms in China together with other circumstances have gradually changed balance of powers in favour of the developing world. However, developed economies have been keeping a competitive advantage consisting in activities associated with creativity and know-how, while the newly industrialized countries have been using mainly extensive growth model based on cheap labour and repetitive activities. These processes have been taking place across highly advanced and sophisticated global value chains. Our goal is to look deeply into the impact of the smiling curve and the evolution of the shares of value added for both developing and developed countries, before and after the Great Recession, across three industries: textile, electronics and automotive, and find out, whether developing countries are situated in a so-called low value added trap, in other words their shares for a longer period have either been stagnating or declining, while shares of developed countries have been constantly growing.
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Respect for Human Rights and Transnational Corporations: Coca-Cola Case Study
Hyšková, Kateřina ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Trávníčková, Zuzana (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of violation of human rights by transnational corporations on a case of Coca-Cola. The theoretical part explains the international legal responsibility of individual subjects of the international environment and the issue of non-binding international legal standards for the issue of transnational corporations and human rights. In the empirical part, the thesis tries to answer the question of to what extent and which specific human rights Coca-Cola violates and analyses the behaviour of the company when confronting states and their citizens for violating their rights.
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The concept of creating shared value as an instrument of regulation of transnational corporations in the globalized international relations: A case study of Nestlé
Fila, Ladislav ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Machoň, Miloslav (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the concept of creating shared value, as an instrument of self-regulation by transnational corporations, with particular emphasis on respect for human rights. Specifically, this thesis studies the case of practical application of this concept at Nestlé. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate, whether the concept is an effective instrument of self-regulation by transnational corporations. The theoretical section analyses the concept of creating shared value, including the theoretical definition of the practical application of this concept. The empirical section focuses on the practical application of the concept at Nestlé, and consequential evaluation of the effectivity of the concept. In order to objectively evaluate the effectivity of the concept, this thesis is based on materials from both Nestlé and independent organizations, which inspect the real impacts of this concept in practice.
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Global production networks of transnational apparel corporations
Vyšatová, Martina ; Brabcová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Hána, David (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with multinationals corporations in the clothing industry with branch offices in the Czechia, in the context of the theory of global production network. It is a relatively new theory, which deals with geographically dispersed but functionally integrated unit of production network. NNS production network has expanded in many countries of the world and their networks differ in the number of supplier countries and the geographical distribution of production. The main objective is to highlight the connection between parent companies and their countries and supply countries as well as to the context of the price and composition of clothing. Production NNS is largely oriented to countries with cheap labour and it corresponds with the main supplying countries, namely China and Bangladesh. Composition and price of clothing are often very different, and rather than a direct connection there were only partial relations. Key words: global production networks, apparel industry, transnational corporations, Czechia
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Is there any link between hierarchy of transnational corporations, banks and research and development institutions?
Chmelařová, Eva ; Blažek, Jiří (advisor) ; Marek, David (referee)
Is there any link between hierarchy of transnational corporations, banks and research and development institutions? Abstract The world city theory focuses on concentration of the most progressive activities of the social-economic system in a few key cities that together have a major share of command and control power within the global economy. Location advantages of such cities attract TNC headquarters, financial services and R&D facilities. Interactions between them lead to further strengthening of the position of the global city and it brings a cumulative effect on the location advantages. This paper examines the global city hierarchy based on the data on 1 500 world's biggest companies headquarters location, as well as location of 1 500 most important R&D institutions and 200 biggest banks. According to the results the triad of New York, London and Tokyo was taken over by Beijing. Correlation analysis of the city rankings in all of the three hierarchies confirms significant geographical link between global arrangement of TNC headquarters, financial services and R&D institutions. Keywords: global city, TNCs, banks, RIS, research and development, geographical organization
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